5-Amino-1MQ is a modern metabolic compound that is being studied in the context of regulating energy metabolism, NAD+ levels, and fat burning processes. It is considered in programs aimed at improving body composition, supporting cellular energy, increasing metabolic activity and regenerative processes, especially in combination with other peptide and mitochondrial bioregulators.
5-amino-1MQ is a synthetic compound that inhibits the enzyme nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT). By blocking this enzyme, it modulates the levels of cellular NAD+ and SAM, which affects energy production and fat metabolism in experimental models.
Preclinical laboratory studies demonstrate the effects on weight-related processes, muscle tissue preservation, mitochondrial function, and cell aging mechanisms. This methylquinolinium derivative is a research compound of interest for fundamental studies of metabolic processes and mechanisms of cellular longevity.
General information
| Features | Value |
|---|---|
| The molecular formula | C10H11N2 |
| Molecular weight | 159.21 g/mol |
| PubChem CID | 950107 |
| Synonyms | 5-amino-1-methylquinoline, SCHEMBL6403148, CHEMBL4116828, ZMJBCEIHNOWCMC-UHFFFAOYSA-O, STL196667 |
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This product is intended solely for research purposes. All product information provided on this website is intended for educational purposes.
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5-amino-1-methylquinolinium (5-amino-1MQ) is a small molecule belonging to the class of methyl quinolinium derivatives, structurally characterized by a quinolinium core replaced by an amino group at position 5 and a methyl group at position 1.
It is known for its potent and selective inhibition of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT), an enzyme involved in various metabolic and oncogenic processes.
Mechanisms of action
5-Amino-1MQ acts primarily by inhibiting NNMT, thereby affecting several interrelated metabolic, redox, and epigenetic pathways. NNMT plays a key role in nicotinamide methylation by influencing the intracellular metabolism of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a key cellular cofactor for redox reactions, DNA repair, and transcriptional regulation.1
In preclinical studies, treatment of mouse adipocytes with 5-amino-1MQ resulted in a concentration-dependent increase in NAD+ levels (approximately 1.2–1.6 times higher than in controls), which is important for metabolic homeostasis and cell health.1
In addition, inhibition of NNMT 5-amino-1MQ affects histone methylation, thereby modulating the gene expression programs underlying metabolism and oncogenesis.
Metabolic and anti-fat efficacy
In the context of metabolic health disorders, especially obesity and related syndromes, 5-amino-1MQ demonstrates outstanding efficacy.3 In diet-induced mouse models, the administration of 5-amino-1MQ resulted in a marked decrease in body weight, white adipose tissue mass, and adipocyte size, with no noticeable side effects or dietary changes.
This means that its anti-fat effect is not due to appetite suppression, but to direct metabolic modulation — namely, the suppression of lipogenesis (fat formation).
These results highlight the prospect of 5-amino-1MQ as a potential research compound for the treatment of obesity and possibly type 2 diabetes.
Application in cancer therapy
In addition to metabolic diseases, 5-amino-1MQ has been extensively studied in preclinical cancer research. Its anti-cancer activity is due to two main mechanisms: epigenetic remodeling through altered histone methylation and direct modulation of cellular energy and proliferation.
Studies have shown that in afro-associated fibroblasts (CAF), 5-amino-1MQ treatment not only alters histone methylation patterns, but also suppresses metabolic functions that support tumors. When used in animal models, 5-amino-1MQ has demonstrated the ability to reduce the proliferation of tumor cells and alter the tumor microenvironment in favor of therapeutic intervention.
These dual effects make it a potential candidate for research for both monotherapy and combined strategies in gynecology and possibly other malignant tumors.
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics
Although 5-amino-1MQ demonstrates high biological activity and therapeutic potential, optimization of its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles remains the subject of ongoing research. Effective cellular permeability and membrane permeability have already been demonstrated, which confirms its use in various types of tissues.
Additional in vitro studies are needed to clarify aspects such as tissue targeting, metabolic stability, and elimination in order to maximize clinical potential and minimize non-targeted effects.
Links
Conlon, N., and Ford, D. (2022). A systematic approach to NAD+ recovery... Biochemical Pharmacology, 114946. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2022.114946 .
Meng, S., Nguyen, A., and Challa, S. (2024). Biological functions and therapeutic potential of NAD+ metabolism in gynecological cancers. Cancer, 16. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16173085 .
Li, X., Pi, Y., Chen, Y., Zhu, Q., and Xia, B. (2022). Nicotinamide-N-methyltransferase: a promising biomarker and target for human cancer therapy. Frontiers in Oncology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.894744.
Liu, J., Deng, Z., Zhu, X., Zeng, Y., Guan, X., & Li, J. (2021). The role of nicotinamide-N-methyltransferase in obesity and type 2 diabetes. BioMed Research International, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9924314.
