VIP is an endogenous neuropeptide of 28 amino acids, widely represented in the central and peripheral nervous system, as well as in the respiratory, digestive, cardiovascular and immune systems. It acts as a universal bioregulator, affecting microcirculation, inflammation, tissue barrier functions and neuroendocrine balance. In modern health and longevity programs, VIP is considered as a multilevel regulator capable of simultaneously supporting respiratory function, immune response, intestinal barrier, and sleep quality.
VIP is a neuropeptide known as Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, consisting of 28 amino acids. In the research context, VIP is studied in connection with neuromodulation, regulation of vascular tone, secretion in the gastrointestinal tract and immune processes.
General information
| Features | Values |
|---|---|
| The peptide sequence | His-Ser-Asp-Ala-Val-Phe-Thr-Asp-Asn-Tyr-Thr-Arg-Leu-Arg-Lys-Gln-Met-Ala-Val-Lys-Lys-Tyr-Leu-Asn-Ser-Ile-Leu-Asn-NH2 |
| The molecular formula | C147H237N43O43S |
| Molecular weight | 3326.8 g/mol |
| CAS Number | 37221-79-7 |
| PubChem CID | 161349 |
| Synonyms | VIP, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, PHM-27 |
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This product is intended solely for research purposes. All product information provided on this website is intended for educational purposes.
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VIP is a vasoactive intestinal peptide, an endogenous 28-amino acid neuropeptide with wide expression in the nervous, immune, respiratory and gastrointestinal systems. It acts primarily through the VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors and is considered one of the key signaling molecules involved in the regulation of vasodilation, secretion, immune response, neuroprotection, and tissue homeostasis. VIP is described in the scientific literature as a pleiotropic peptide with pronounced anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, which is why it has long been the subject of research in the field of autoimmune, pulmonary, intestinal and ophthalmological disorders. VPAC receptors: structure, molecular pharmacology and interaction with accessory proteins - PubMed
Immunomodulation and anti-inflammatory effect
One of the main areas of VIP research is related to its ability to shift the immune response to a less pro-inflammatory profile. Reviews show that VIP affects macrophages, lymphocytes, dendritic cells, and other immune populations, reducing the production of a number of pro-inflammatory mediators and supporting a more regulated immune response. That is why VIP is considered as a promising research molecule in models of rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The Anti-Inflammatory Mediator, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Modulates the Differentiation and Function of Th Subsets in Rheumatoid Arthritis - PMC
Respiratory system and vascular tone
VIP is also being actively studied due to its bronchoactive and vasoactive properties. In reviews on respiratory physiology, it is described as an important regulator of respiratory system homeostasis, and in preclinical work on pulmonary arterial hypertension, VIP therapy reduced vascular remodeling, inflammation, and mortality in animal models. This made the peptide particularly interesting for studies of pulmonary vascular tone disorders and inflammatory lung diseases. Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Inhaled Agonists: Potential Role in Respiratory Therapeutics - PMC
The gastrointestinal tract
VIP was originally discovered as an intestinal vasoactive peptide, and it still remains an important molecule for studies of gastrointestinal functions. Publications show that it is involved in the regulation of intestinal secretion, motility, barrier function, and local mucosal immunity. In studies on inflammatory bowel diseases, VIP is considered as a potential protective mediator, although the results for ulcerative colitis are not yet clear. Recent advances in vasoactive intestinal peptide physiology and pathophysiology: focus on the gastrointestinal system - PMC
Nervous system and neuroprotection
VIP is also of interest as a neuropeptide of the central and peripheral nervous system. It is involved in neuronal signal transmission, regulation of circadian and neuroendocrine processes, and is also considered as a molecule with neuroprotective potential. In pharmacological reviews, VIP and related peptides are described as important regulators of a variety of physiological and pathological processes, including inflammation and neurodegeneration. VIP: molecular biology and neurobiological function - PubMed
Eye health and corneal surface
A separate area of VIP research is related to eye tissues. Publications show that VIP is involved in the neuroimmune regulation of the eye surface, and its changes are associated with dry eye, postoperative irritation, and corneal inflammation. In experimental models of bacterial keratitis, VIP modulated the inflammatory response and improved the course of the disease, and in more recent studies it has been considered as one of the protective neuropeptide factors in damage to the ocular surface. VIP Modulates the ALX/FPR2 Receptor Axis toward Inflammation Resolution in a Mouse Model of Bacterial Keratitis - PMC
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